The Central Problem: Sin
Ryle's entire argument for holiness begins with a clear-eyed diagnosis of indwelling sin. He establishes that even in a regenerate believer, the "old man" remains a constant presence that must be fought. This isn't cause for despair, but the basis for the fight.
This diagram illustrates the believer's state: justified and regenerate, yet still contending with the powerful, indwelling nature of sin.
The Nature of True Holiness
Ryle is careful to define what holiness *is* and what it *is not*. He pivots from mere profession or emotional excitement to the deep, habitual work of God in the soul. True holiness is a consistent habit of heart and life, marked by Christ-like characteristics.
Holiness is defined by its positive characteristics rather than by outward ritual or mere profession, which Ryle argues are often mistaken for it.
Part I: The Foundational Doctrines
Before detailing the practice, Ryle lays a firm theological foundation. These chapters answer the "why" of holiness, rooting it in the character of God, the work of Christ, and the absolute necessity of being prepared for heaven.
Sin (Ch. I)
Understanding the reality of indwelling sin as the enemy of holiness.
Christ's Work (Ch. II)
Christ came to sanctify (make holy) as well as to justify (pardon).
Necessity (Ch. III)
Holiness is non-negotiable for seeing God and being fit for heaven.
Nature (Ch. IV)
Defining true holiness as a habit of heart, not mere outward show.
Part II: The Practice & Cost
Ryle presents holiness as an active, daily pursuit, not a passive state. It is a "fight" that carries a real "cost." This section explores the practical realities of sanctification, from the spiritual warfare it entails to the comprehensive way it should affect every area of a believer's life.
The pursuit of holiness demands a high cost across multiple fronts, including constant spiritual conflict and a willingness to separate from the world.
The Extent of Sanctification
Holiness is not compartmentalized. Ryle argues it must be comprehensive, extending to every part of our being and life, including our inner thoughts, our words, and our daily actions.
Part III: Growth & The Means of Grace
Finally, Ryle outlines *how* a believer grows in holiness. This is not a human-only effort but a process of "progressive sanctification" empowered by God through specific, ordained "Means of Grace." This section shows the path from diligence to assurance.
The Bible
(Ch. XI)
Prayer
(Ch. XII)
The Lord's Supper
(Ch. XIII)
Growth in Grace
(Ch. IX)
Assurance
(Ch. X)
The Process of Growth
Ryle emphasizes that sanctification is "progressive." It is not instant or complete upon conversion, but a gradual, lifelong process. It requires diligence and is marked by increasing humility, faith, and love, even as the believer becomes more aware of their own sin.
Spiritual growth is a gradual, upward trend over time, sustained by the Means of Grace and marked by diligence, rather than a single event.